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In particular, it focuses on the impact of decolonisation struggles and\/or independence in Ghana, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Malawi on Zimbabwe’s liberation struggle.  In so doing, it also offers new context on the roots of contemporary repression in Zimbabwe. Includes a foreword contributed by noted Zimbabwean activist and author Judith Todd.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52911178187031,"sku":null,"price":14780.04,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0679\/6918\/8119\/files\/9783031255595.jpg?v=1781262592"},{"product_id":"timbuktu-unbound-9783031348242","title":"Timbuktu Unbound","description":"\u003cp\u003eTimbuktu Unbound: Islamic Texts, Textual Traditions and Heritage in West Africa is a cutting edge collection offering a reconsideration of manuscripts in Muslim West Africa. 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While grounding an understanding of money in terms of its circulation, acceptance and impact, this book shows first and foremost how the monetary systems that resulted from the imposition of colonial rule on African societies were not a replacement of the old currency systems with entirely new ones, but were rather the result of the convergence of different orders of value and monetary practices. By putting histories of people using money at the heart of the story, and connecting them to larger imperial policies, the volume provides a new and freshperspective on the history of the establishment of colonial rule in Africa.   This book is the result of a collaborative and interdisciplinary research project that has received funding by the Gerda Henkel Foundation. 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With that in mind the project was placed in storage until a publisher could be obtained. The work was accepted as fulfillment of studies required for the writers Doctorate Degree. At last looking forward to publishing of this work, the reader might consider the advance steps this nation as a people have made. Segregation and integration though not nearly completed is far from where it was. In nineteen ninety there still remained underlying prejudice. We see less and less of the racial issues today in twenty eleven but the lingering shadows still remain.There are sections in this book where after looking back the writer called The Day before Yesterday and there was Just Yesterday, there is Today a look at Tomorrow and the Day After Tomorrow.This Document is useful in encouraging by the fact of overcoming, useful in building faith by seeing how far we have come from where we came from. Useful in showing ALL young people there is Hope, though it stager it is still Hope. 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Tyronne Edwards, a lifelong resident and spiritual leader of the parish, introduces the reader to people cultivating a spirituality that lifted them from the dehumanization of slavery on more than a dozen plantations. He recounts the state laws enacted by African Americans during the Reconstruction Era that would be considered progressive in this modern day. We meet the community leaders who outwitted and outlasted Judge Leander Perez, a fierce segregationist who reigned over Plaquemines and state politics. We learn the battles waged by African Americans to knock down doors in schools, businesses, and government that were once closed to them. With photographs, interviews, and a penetrating analysis of racism, Rev. 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After different attempts in negotiations (Linas-Marcoussis (2003), Pretoria agreement (2005), and the Political Agreement of Ouagadougou (2007)), for some protagonists, international organizations and NGOs, the perfect conflict resolution was about running elections so that the former peaceful land could regain its image of a prosperous and stable country. The elections that were delayed six times came to pass, and two presidents came out of the scrutiny. Gbagbo was proclaimed victorious by the Ivorian Constitutional Council, while Ouattara was acknowledged by the Independent Electoral Commission. Once more, the country fell into a postelection crisis. Meanwhile, the African Union, the European Union, the USA, the French Licorne, and the United Nations urged President Gbagbo to step down since Ouattara was considered the happy winner of the scrutiny. The refusal of Gbagbo cost human losses and led to his arrest on April 11, 2011. Nowadays, the country is not unified and reconciled, but it will have the 2015 elections.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53070212464919,"sku":null,"price":538.56,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0679\/6918\/8119\/files\/9781514403044.jpg?v=1781095882"},{"product_id":"africa-and-the-west-9781514403655","title":"Africa and the West","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe rise of Western powers to global dominance is understood without excluding the relationship of Western Europe and the Americas with Africa between the 1400s and late 1800s. The industrial revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries Europe rests significantly on the labour, intellect and overall industry of Africans. The forced migration of about 12 million Africans to three different continents had come to shape the world as it presently is. Its legacy mostly remained a striving one of human acknowledgment, historical realities, equal rights and justice. The acknowledgment of governments of this epic history and its profits and losses to the parties involved can shape public policy of a remarkable reparation of the pernicious outcomes of the politics of race.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53070217150743,"sku":null,"price":538.56,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0679\/6918\/8119\/files\/9781514403655.jpg?v=1781095900"},{"product_id":"conflict-and-change-in-the-horn-of-africa-9781514403792","title":"Conflict and Change in the Horn of Africa","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Horn of Africa consists of five nations with unique historical experiences from lofty and distinguishing to awful and tarnishing. North-East Africa is a region shaped by history from migrations and invasions to modern global politics and internal dynamics of historical ethnic and religious sectarian divisions. Aside Ethiopia, the other nations of Africas horn have been significantly shaped by the delineation of boundaries by Islamic and later European empires. That has defined its political and economic antecedents. Its location as a regional nexus to inevitable trade routes between three continents had made concerns by world powers over its affairs to endure. This historical account concentrates on the 20th century political and economic challenges that had characterized individual nations in the region to the new millennium. Their quite spectacular and thought provoking internal and external legacies while transforming national live also remain enduring in certain aspects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53070223573271,"sku":null,"price":538.56,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0679\/6918\/8119\/files\/9781514403792.jpg?v=1781095904"},{"product_id":"impact-of-corruption-in-africa-9781514407806","title":"Impact of Corruption in Africa","description":"\u003cp\u003eCorruption has wreaked havoc in Africa more than HIV\/AIDS, cancer, and malaria combined. The war and hunger in East Africa, the political unrest in North Africa, the drug issues in South Africa, and the rise in militancy and terrorism in West Africa are all children of corruption. The threat is not what we have suffered so far but what will befall us if fail to act now. In a few years from now, it will be difficult to convince young Africans that corruption is not our culture. Culture is a way of life, and it is inherited. And so it is in Africa, one government inherits corruption from another. This book is a message to every young African: Corruption is and can never be our culture; we just got it wrong somewhere. It is time to fix Africa. I will not let anyone walk through my mind with their dirty feet (Mahatma Gandhi). Do not inherit corruption!\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53074329272599,"sku":null,"price":538.56,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0679\/6918\/8119\/files\/9781514407806.jpg?v=1781096611"},{"product_id":"thinking-outside-the-box-9781514422236","title":"Thinking Outside the Box","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis book sets out with the question why Ethiopia a country with one of the oldest still existing state-formations in the world and a farming population that has domesticated a number of indigenous food products, including coffee, oilseeds and Eragrostis teff - remains one of the poorest in the world.To answer this question the authors review the history of Ethiopia from the earliest centuries A.D. until the 21st century dispelling a number of prevalent myths in the process. The book covers topics such as ethnicity (a hot issue in todays Ethiopian politics), international relations with especially Britain and Italy, and the countrys lack of technical and economic progress. A survey of the current situation in Ethiopia sets the scene for comparisons with other countries. An examination of the history of the West illustrates how the autonomy of intellectual inquiry could promote a spiral of knowledge, pave the way for the Industrial Revolution and allow western countries to attain the highest standard of living in the world. A review of some East Asian countries (Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan) exemplifies how they could catch-up with the West. Against the backdrop of these studies, the authors find the basic causes for Ethiopias poverty to be missed or messed-up opportunities to adopt available scientific knowledge and technology. Premising that a decent living standard, a catch-up, should be the only reasonable goal also for Ethiopian citizens, the authors propose that the country must emphasize promotion of a) knowledge and information (rather than focusing numbers of school children and schools) and of b) entrepreneurship in all economic sectors. To boost these requirements successfully, the authors argue that all involved in the present development agenda need to think outside the box and reassess at least two common assumptions about Ethiopias future namely, that only heavy-handed state guidance can bring about rapid development and that peasants and pastoralists are ignorant and must be told what to do.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53074790809879,"sku":null,"price":538.56,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0679\/6918\/8119\/files\/9781514422236.jpg?v=1781240767"},{"product_id":"haitian-recollections-and-haitian-returns-9781664148949","title":"Haitian Recollections and Haitian Returns","description":"\u003cp\u003eHaitian Recollections and Haitian Returns is my gift to the Haitian people. The gift comes in two parts. The recollections part, is my sharing with the Haitians a piece of their history; which is relatively unknown to most people alive, today. It describes in words from my personal experience in Haiti as a boy in the early 1940s, coupled with many photos from my mother's album how things were at that time. It was a very unique period, characterized by positive collaboration between Haiti and the United States-then it came to a tragic end! The details about this have never been clearly told nor seen before. The returns part of the book is about my going back to Haiti to teach the children reforestation and return to where I lived 65 years ago. It is about what I have learned, saw and did that the reader should think about when hearing news of Haiti. This book reflects how Haiti and its people have returned so much to me over my entire lifetime. A specific program is presented for approaching the solution to Haiti s reforestation challenges. It directly involves all the children in Haiti, can start now and can be sustained indefinitely. My own collection of recent pictures are used in this part to show how some things change in Haiti, but also, how many things take a very, very long time. Hope is there for Haiti and we all can assist them if we help them do what they wish and need. However, the Haitians must be actively engaged in anything others do, in order to take their country back from a devastating 500 year-long attack on their natural environment. We and they need to persist, but also, tenancy is required over a long period of time 200 to 300 years. By doing this, Haiti returns to all of us in immeasurable ways.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53532151447831,"sku":null,"price":538.56,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0679\/6918\/8119\/files\/9781664148949.jpg?v=1781245151"},{"product_id":"africa-arise-9781664179516","title":"Africa Arise","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe continent of Africa is endowed with natural resources in each country.Tapping into these resources provides a great opportunity for African countries to grow and develop. However, this vast wealth of resources cannot be tapped by the African countries because of a lack of capacity and Funds. Oil producing countries in Africa heavily rely on the expertise and resources of Foreign Oil companies to help them exploit the oil.The foreign Oil companies signed contracts with the unsuspecting African countries to help them benefits from their resources.Those contracts are not the same that are signed internationally. They are steeped towards the benefit of the foreign oil companies. This book examines what went wrong and suggest some remedies to maximize the benefits of those national natural resources. Examples are drawn from the study conducted in the Republic of South Sudan’s oil sector.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53532226715927,"sku":null,"price":538.56,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0679\/6918\/8119\/files\/9781664179516.jpg?v=1781247805"}],"url":"https:\/\/payment.letskitaboo.com\/collections\/african-art.oembed?page=2","provider":"Kitaboo One eStore","version":"1.0","type":"link"}