{"product_id":"europe-and-irans-nuclear-crisis-9783319742984","title":"Europe and Iran's Nuclear Crisis","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis book investigates the European involvement in managing the nuclear dispute with Iran, shedding new light on EU foreign policy-making. The author focuses on the peculiar format through which the EU managed Iran’s nuclear issue: a ‘lead group’ consisting of France, Germany and the UK and the High Representative for EU foreign policy (E3\/EU). The experience of the E3\/EU lends credibility to the claim that lead groups give EU foreign policy direction and substance. The E3\/EU set up a negotiating framework that worked as a de-escalating tool, a catalyst for Security Council unity and a forum for crisis management. They inflicted pain on Iran by adopting a comprehensive sanctions regime, but did so only having secured US commitment to a diplomatic solution. Once the deal was reached, they defended it vigorously. The E3\/EU may have been supporting actors, but their achievements were real.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52916853670167,"sku":null,"price":13430.27,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0679\/6918\/8119\/files\/9783319742984.jpg?v=1781593803","url":"https:\/\/payment.letskitaboo.com\/ur\/products\/europe-and-irans-nuclear-crisis-9783319742984","provider":"Kitaboo One eStore","version":"1.0","type":"link"}