{"product_id":"political-participation-in-iran-from-khatami-to-the-green-movement-9783030322014","title":"Political Participation in Iran from Khatami to the Green Movement","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis book examines the unintended consequences of top-down reforms in Iran, analysing how the Iranian reformist governments (1997–2005) sought to utilise gradual reforms to control independent activism, and how citizens responded to such a disciplinary action. While the governments successfully ‘set the field’ of permitted political participation, part of the civil society that took shape was unexpectedly independent. Despite being a minority, independent activists were not marginal: without them, in fact, the Green Movement of 2009 would not have taken shape. Building on in-depth empirical analysis, the author explains how autonomous activism forms and survives in a semi-authoritarian country. The book contributes to the debate about the implications of elite-led reforms for social reproduction, offering an innovative interpretation and an original analysis of social movements from a political science perspective.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52915582763287,"sku":null,"price":9447.07,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0679\/6918\/8119\/files\/9783030322014.jpg?v=1781527306","url":"https:\/\/payment.letskitaboo.com\/ur\/products\/political-participation-in-iran-from-khatami-to-the-green-movement-9783030322014","provider":"Kitaboo One eStore","version":"1.0","type":"link"}