Earth and Environmental Science

This monograph provides a comprehensive collection of information on soil fertility degradation across various climatic zones and soil orders. It focuses on physical, chemical, and biological degradation of soil, offering insights into sustainable soil management practices for restoring degraded soils. The book details the processes and causes of soil degradation, including structural degradation, erosion, nutrient depletion, nutrient mining, decline of soil organic matter, and biological degradation, while highlighting strategies to mitigate and remediate these issues in different climatic zones.Unsustainable farming practices have accelerated soil degradation globally, leading to soil erosion, nutrient loss, and structural damage. Nutrient depletion and the loss of soil organic carbon are among the most critical concerns, but these trends can be reversed with sustainable management practices and appropriate technologies. This book addresses the challenges of fertility-degraded soils and offers wide range of management and restoration strategies to ensure food and nutritional security, maintain ecosystem services, and attain Sustainable Development Goals under various agro-climatic conditions worldwide.This book is a valuable reference material for researchers, scientists, students, farmers, and land managers seeking efficient and sustainable natural resource management. It also serves as essential reading material for undergraduate and postgraduate students in agriculture, soil science, agronomy, agrophysics, agrobiology, and environmental and climate sciences.